创意城市网络下日本神户设计之都的规划与实践     

褚劲风  香川贵志  崔国  李梓  王倩倩  邹琳 《世界地理研究》2011,(3):44-54

创意城市是城市复兴和再生的发展模式,创意城市网络是推动创意城市发展的全球性载体。这种跨地域、跨国家、跨大洲的城市网络与创意城市发展的地理过程、空间格局逐步成为新的地理现象。本文以神户为例,分析神户创意城市发展的背景条件,研究其指向设计之都的主导产业与规划内容,探讨其推进设计之都建设的实践与经验。  相似文献   

碳酸盐岩洞穴型储层地震综合预测——以塔里木盆地古城低凸起三维区为例     

李毓丰  顾乔元  徐彦龙  钱玲  李新生  余和中  吴建国  席勤  徐永丽 《海相油气地质》2015,(2):72-78

塔里木盆地古城低凸起三维地震工区内的奥陶系碳酸盐岩埋藏深,非均质性强,且无钻井资料。重点对奥陶系鹰山组三段—四段白云岩的串珠状地震反射体进行地质诠释。采用均方根振幅属性预测了储层平面分布规律,应用缝洞雕刻技术预测了裂缝和串珠体发育区,运用相干、曲率属性预测了断裂、裂缝的分布,联合应用频率衰减梯度、低频能量、平均频率和吸收系数等手段进行了油气检测。通过对多种信息的综合分析,评价优选出有利勘探目标。基于上述工作部署的A井,在鹰山组三段灰质白云岩储层中获天然气勘探重大突破,证实了地震综合预测方法的有效性。  相似文献   

地震滑坡危险性概念和基于力学模型的评估方法探讨   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王涛  吴树仁  石菊松  辛鹏 《工程地质学报》2015,23(1):93-104

在我国大陆地区运用基于力学模型的Newmark位移分析方法开展地震滑坡危险性定量评估,尚处在起步阶段.为了进一步明确地震滑坡危险性概念和改进推广基于力学模型的评估方法,首先阐明了狭义的地震滑坡危险性预测评估与震后反演评估的关系; 同时为了应对地震应急、震后重建及潜在地震条件下的不同评估需求,初步提出了广义的地震滑坡危险性评估框架.随后申述了基于Newmark位移分析的地震滑坡危险性评估方法的理论基础、方法分类及最新进展,并以汶川地震滑坡危险性快速评估为例,剖析了目前影响评估有效性的不确定性及空间数据质量等问题,指出了基于力学模型的地震滑坡危险性评估方法的改进方向.建议开展潜在地震及其诱发滑坡危险性的耦合评估,建立适用于我国大陆地区地震滑坡位移分析的经验模型,以便为国家层面的地震滑坡危险性区划服务.  相似文献   

卵石地层的特殊性及其对基坑支护的影响分析     

刘伍  李海明 《城市地质》2015,(Z2)

主要从卵石地层的特征分类、特殊结构及场内施工条件3个方面,对基坑支护结构选型及施工工艺选择进行深入、系统的分析论证,力求使在卵石地层中的基坑支护设计方案更科学、经济,使施工方法、工艺更具可操作性。  相似文献   

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987114000905     

Petar Gliovi  Alessandro M.Forte 《地学前缘(英文版)》2015,6(1):3-22

Although there has been significant progress in the seismic imaging of mantle heterogeneity,the outstanding issue that remains to be resolved is the unknown distribution of mantle temperature anomalies in the distant geological past that give rise to the present-day anomalies inferred by global tomography models.To address this question,we present 3-D convection models in compressible and self-gravitating mantle initialised by different hypothetical temperature patterns.A notable feature of our forward convection modelling is the use of self-consistent coupling of the motion of surface tectonic plates to the underlying mantle flow,without imposing prescribed surface velocities(i.e.,plate-like boundary condition).As an approximation for the surface mechanical conditions before plate tectonics began to operate we employ the no-slip(rigid) boundary condition.A rigid boundary condition demonstrates that the initial thermally-dominated structure is preserved,and its geographical location is fixed during the evolution of mantle flow.Considering the impact of different assumed surface boundary conditions(rigid and plate-like) on the evolution of thermal heterogeneity in the mantle we suggest that the intrinsic buoyancy of seven superplumes is most-likely resolved in the tomographic images of present-day mantle thermal structure.Our convection simulations with a plate-like boundary condition reveal that the evolution of an initial cold anomaly beneath the Java-Indonesian trench system yields a long-term,stable pattern of thermal heterogeneity in the lowermost mantle that resembles the presentday Large Low Shear Velocity Provinces(LLSVPs),especially below the Pacific.The evolution of subduction zones may be,however,influenced by the mantle-wide flow driven by deeply-rooted and longlived superplumes since Archean times.These convection models also detect the intrinsic buoyancy of the Perm Anomaly that has been identified as a unique slow feature distinct from the two principal LLSVPs.We find there is no need for dense chemical ’piles’ in the lower mantle to generate a stable distribution of temperature anomalies that are correlated to the LLSVPs and the Perm Anomaly.Our tomography-based convection simulations also demonstrate that intraplate volcanism in the south-east Pacific may be interpreted in terms of shallow small-scale convection triggered by a superplume beneath the East Pacific Rise.  相似文献   

ISO2394:2015 Annex D (Reliability of Geotechnical Structures)     

K.K. Phoon  J.V. Retief 《Georisk: Assessment and Management of Risk for Engineered Systems and Geohazards》2015,9(3):125-127

ISO2394:2015 contains a new informative Annex D on “Reliability of Geotechnical Structures”. The emphasis in Annex D is to identify and characterize critical elements of the geotechnical reliability-based design process, while respecting the diversity of geotechnical engineering practice. This paper highlights the main features of Annex D and gaps for future work.  相似文献   

Numerical modeling of multiphase fluid flow in deforming porous media: A comparison between two- and three-phase models for seismic analysis of earth and rockfill dams     

A.R. Khoei  T. Mohammadnejad 《Computers and Geotechnics》2011

In this paper, a fully coupled numerical model is presented for the finite element analysis of the deforming porous medium interacting with the flow of two immiscible compressible wetting and non-wetting pore fluids. The governing equations involving coupled fluid flow and deformation processes in unsaturated soils are derived within the framework of the generalized Biot theory. The displacements of the solid phase, the pressure of the wetting phase and the capillary pressure are taken as the primary unknowns of the present formulation. The other variables are incorporated into the model using the experimentally determined functions that define the relationship between the hydraulic properties of the porous medium, i.e. saturation, relative permeability and capillary pressure. It is worth mentioning that the imposition of various boundary conditions is feasible notwithstanding the choice of the primary variables. The modified Pastor–Zienkiewicz generalized constitutive model is introduced into the mathematical formulation to simulate the mechanical behavior of the unsaturated soil. The accuracy of the proposed mathematical model for analyzing coupled fluid flows in porous media is verified by the resolution of several numerical examples for which previous solutions are known. Finally, the performance of the computational algorithm in modeling of large-scale porous media problems including the large elasto-plastic deformations is demonstrated through the fully coupled analysis of the failure of two earth and rockfill dams. Furthermore, the three-phase model is compared to its simplified one which simulates the unsaturated porous medium as a two-phase one with static air phase. The paper illustrates the shortcomings of the commonly used simplified approach in the context of seismic analysis of two earth and rockfill dams. It is shown that accounting the pore air as an independent phase significantly influences the unsaturated soil behavior.  相似文献   

Optimum design of stone column-improved soft soil using multiobjective optimization technique     

Kousik Deb  Anirban Dhar 《Computers and Geotechnics》2011

A combined simulation–optimization-based methodology is proposed to identify the optimal design parameters for granular bed–stone column-improved soft soil. The methodology combines a finite difference-based simulation model and an evolutionary multiobjective optimization model. A combined simulation–optimization methodology is developed for two different formulations: (a) the minimization of maximum settlement and the minimization of differential settlement subject to stress constraints; (b) the minimization of maximum settlement, the minimization of differential settlement and the maximization of the degree of consolidation subject to stress constraints. The developed methodology is applied to an illustrative system. Different scenarios are evaluated to examine critical field conditions. The solution results show that the modular ratio and the ultimate stress carrying capacity of the stone column are the most important parameters for optimal design. The obtained results also show the potential applicability of the developed methodology.  相似文献   

龙门山中段彭灌断裂带汶川Ms8.0地震同震破裂断层识别及其浅、表构造特征          下载免费PDF全文

鲁人齐  何登发  JohnSuppe  孟征  高金尉  贺鸿冰 《地质科学》2011,(3):607-619

2008年汶川Ms8.0地震在龙门山中段的彭灌断裂带产生的地表破裂,是该地震产生的第二大地表破裂带.综合应用地质、钻井以及二维、三维地震数据,利用横贯前山带的多条人工地震反射剖面,对彭灌断裂带产生同震破裂的断层进行准确识别和解释.研究表明,龙门山中段的彭灌断裂带是一套由3条主要断层和次级广泛发育的断裂组合构成,浅层表现...  相似文献   

黑河流域中游水资源管理决策支持系统设计与实现   总被引：7，自引：5，他引：2  

盖迎春  李新 《冰川冻土》2011,33(1):190-196

针对黑河流域水资源管理面临的实际问题以及各决策部门之间的关系,以决策支持系统三库结构为基础,构建了黑河流域中游水资源管理决策支持系统(HD).系统采用了客户端/服务器(C/S)和浏览器/服务器(B/S)两种架构,并根据黑河流域中游水务管理决策部门之间的行政级别,设计了系统功能访问权限控制机制和数据审核机制.基于C/S结...  相似文献